Throughout the tumultuous twentieth century, there have been church leaders who demonstrated great moral leadership. As Robert Coles states in his book Lives of Moral Leadership, there are moments in ordinary lives in which a daring response is made. Suddenly and surprisingly, an individual becomes an example to others.
One example is Dietrich Bonhoeffer, a Lutheran theologian from Breslau, Germany. In 1939 he began working with the resistance movement for the overthrow of Hitler’s dictatorship. Four years later Bonhoeffer was arrested. He was transferred from one prison to another, finally to the concentration camp at Flossenburg. On April 9, 1945, just days before the liberation of the camp by the Allies, Bonhoeffer was hanged by the special order of Heinrich Himmler.
Martin Niemoller, another Lutheran pastor, also spent years in Nazi concentration camps for refusing to go along with the Nazi program. His words are inscribed on New England’s Holocaust Memorial:
When the Nazi’s came for the Communists, I remained silent. I was not a Communist.
When the Nazi’s came for the trade unionists, I remained silent. I was not a trade unionist.
When the Nazi’s came for the Jews, I remained silent. I was not a Jew.
When the Nazi’s came for me, there was no one left to speak out.
Bonhoeffer was an inspiration to Reinhold Niebuhr, an American born to German parents. Niebuhr became a professor of Christian Social Ethics at Union Theological Seminary. He wrote and lectured on the Christian response to world events. An adamant opponent of Anti-semitism and the Nazi party, he encouraged American action at a time when it was not popular.
Moral courage continues in the 21st century. Church leaders today continue to speak out for those on the fringes of society and the victims of injustice. Often helping others puts their careers or even their lives in jeopardy, but they continue to follow their calling. Acting as Christ did for the unfortunate and neglected is a Christian duty. Those who perform that duty without regard for the personal consequences demonstrate true moral leadership.